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Sunday, February 27, 2011

Lectionary Notebook for Matthew 7:21-27

Thoughts on the Gospel Reading
9th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A
See TEXT below Matthew 6:24-34

March 6, 2011  


The Lectionary Gospel reading for the 9th Sunday in Ordinary Time brings to an end our work through the Sermon on the Mount, but even this final homily will be carried as one heavy load for our lives.

There are several ways into this pericope. We could understand it as a clear warning that it really does matter how we live. We could understand it as reminder of the now-frowned-upon reality that, at least within the biblical world view, there will be a day of reckoning convened by the Almighty.

For our purposes today, however, I prefer us to begin from a different direction by asking the question, "What is GOD's greatest gift to you?"

I would answer by asserting that GOD's greatest gift is the gift of life, and that GOD's greatest gift to you is the gift of your life.

Now, I am not here attempting to argue the question of origins -- How did life begin? or from where does life come? Not that these question are unimportant, but they are simply not germane to this present homily.

What I am saying is this: If the gift of our life is GOD'S greatest gift to us, the question becomes just what will we do with this gift, how will we use this life we have been given? Or, said another way, what kind of life will we build, or what kind of life are we now building? Or, maybe even the more elemental question is best: What does it take to build a life?

A life is built from the many choices we make each day. This means that the momentous choices we make most certainly affect the life we build, but we would do well to remember that small decisions also affect the life we build as well, maybe even more so because they are subtle, mundane and sometimes come with unknown results, unknown at least until we are much farther down the road.

Well, the text would have us know that the kind of life we are building depends upon the foundation we employ. Your life’s foundation is the system of thought and practice upon which your life rests. It includes the mental framework which guides your life practices and your life decisions.

We could discover someone’s life foundation by asking what motivates their life? What gives their life meaning? Is it Money? Power? Sexuality? Altruism?

We could also discover someone’s life foundation by asking just what it is that comprises the center of their universe? What is it that really makes that person that person? Or, what is it without which they would not be who they really are?

Our text proclaims that Jesus himself desires to be this foundation, to be the very center of our lives. The implication here is that Christ-as-foundation is the only way that life becomes fully received as the gift it was intended.

Speaking from the opposite direction, we could say that anything less than a life built upon the firm foundation of the Christ and the Jesus-way is shaky and unsteady. And, any life with the center of their universe built upon something or someone other than the words and the works of the Christ is in danger when the storms of life come crashing down.

By contrast, however, if we build our lives on the will of the Father and the words and ways of Jesus, as the text teaches, then we build this life-as-gift on the solid rock. Storms assail, but we are founded upon the sure and life-sustaining promises of the Christ, and he is enough.

Of course, obvious issues then confront us:
  1. do we really want Jesus and the Jesus-way as the foundation of our lives
  2. how do we really make the Christ and the Jesus-way the foundation of our lives
FIRST: Do we want Jesus and the Jesus-way as the foundation of our lives?

At this point the text becomes rather sober when we read, "Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven."

These words are deeply thought provoking. How is it that someone can call Jesus LORD and still not be building their life on the Christ?

How is it that someone can seemingly have all the correct theology  --  “Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name? Did we not drive out demons in your name? Did we not do mighty deeds in your name.” -- and still not be among those whose lives have genuinely been touched by the Savior?

I confess, I do not really understand all that here confronts us in this portion of the text, but one thing seems very certain: In the end, not everyone will be among those whom Jesus knows.

It is difficult to read this any other way, and I, for one, think it wise to let these words sink into our hearts for awhile.

That is, let’s not immediately explain it away by offering this explanation or that caveat. Let us stare soberly into the truth that some who think they will be with the LORD in his Kingdom apparently will not be there.


SECOND: How do we make the Christ and the Jesus-way the foundation of this gift that is our lives?

Or, how do we build our lives on the rock of the Christ?

Or, how will we hear the words, “I know you,” spoken by Christ?

The response to these questions offered by the text is both as simple as it is sober: “Only the one who does the will of my Father in heaven will enter the kingdom of heaven,” and  “Everyone who listens to these words of mine and acts on them will be like a wise man who built his house on rock.”

We are to listen to Jesus’ words -- presumably from this sermon -- and act upon those words by practicing them.

It will be helpful if we could, for a moment, remember some of what this sermon means to have us practice:

  • Are we guilty of sinful anger?
  • Are we looking with lust?
  • Are we perfect as our heavenly Father?
  • Are we worried?
  • Is the Kingdom first in our lives?
  • Are we judging others while the beam is still in our own eye?
  • Are we living according to the golden rule?

This is where we are driven to have the St. Paul uncovered by the reformation to interpret the Jesus uncovered by the Sermon on the Mount, rather than letting Jesus, the highest point of GOD’S self-revealing, explain himself and St. Paul.

Said differently, do we hear the words of kindness from Jesus, “I know you,” either by doing good works or by GOD’s grace?  Or, said still differently, will we build our lives on the solid foundation by benefit of GOD’s unmerited gift or by living out good lives. 

A church member and I had this discussion not to long ago, and it was rather lively! Like us, many of you had it drilled into you that salvation is by grace through faith.

We were taught to run to where St. Paul writes: “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God— not the result of works, so that no one may boast,” and to live there. (Ephesians 2:8-9)

If Paul and Jesus are talking about the same thing -- and I am not at all convinced that they are -- but if they are doesn’t it seem that Paul and Jesus are in steep contradiction, Jesus emphasizing works and Paul emphasizing grace?

But this is a false dichotomy. Remember what St. John tells us, “...the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ." (John 1:17)

Jesus offers grace. In fact his entire project, from incarnation, to sacrifice, to resurrection is grace in the motion of one life.

What seems clear is that even in St. Paul’s grace-words good works are emphasized along with GOD’s grace. Let’s quote St. Paul again from that same proof text in Ephesians, but this time let’s include verse ten:

For by grace you have been saved through faith, and this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God— not the result of works, so that no one may boast. For we are what he has made us, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand to be our way of life.” (Ephesians 2:8-10)

This is what it means to truly follow the Christ. Empowered by the Spirit of the living Christ we are enabled to walk, not perfectly, but substantially in-the-moment in the ways of the Christ.

Thus, we would ague that Jesus’ sermon presents the Jesus-way as the true way to make this gift of our lives meaningful and with purpose.

To live for the Christ is to live for others. It is to live our lives in partnership with the LORD through the table (communion), through the community (church) and through the empowering Spirit (the Spirit of the risen and living Christ).

A life is built on the Jesus-way by always keeping the cross of sacrifice in view. We walk the second mile with joy. We take the face-slaps to absorb the hatred and violence of a world at war with itself. We do this for we know the truth found in the Christ says all are important; all are unworthy of grace but receive it anyhow -- even me; all are loved by Christ and therefore must be loved by me as part of the Kingdom.

St. Paul puts it this way:

Therefore, my beloved brethren, be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that in the Lord your labor is not in vain.” (1 Corinthians 15:58)



Matthew 7:21-27
 Jesus said to his disciples:
“Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’
will enter the kingdom of heaven,
but only the one who does the will of my Father in heaven.
Many will say to me on that day,
‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name?
Did we not drive out demons in your name?
Did we not do mighty deeds in your name?’
Then I will declare to them solemnly,
‘I never knew you. Depart from me, you evildoers.’

“Everyone who listens to these words of mine and acts on them
will be like a wise man who built his house on rock.
The rain fell, the floods came,
and the winds blew and buffeted the house.
But it did not collapse; it had been set solidly on rock.
And everyone who listens to these words of mine
but does not act on them
will be like a fool who built his house on sand.
The rain fell, the floods came,
and the winds blew and buffeted the house.
And it collapsed and was completely ruined.”

Thursday, February 17, 2011

Lectionary Notebook for Matthew 6:24-34

Thoughts on the Gospel Reading
8th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A
See TEXT below Matthew 6:24-34

February 27, 2011 

The Lectionary Gospel reading for the 8th Sunday in Ordinary Time ends with these words: "Do not worry about tomorrow; tomorrow will take care of itself. Sufficient for a day is its own evil."

The NRSV renders it: "So do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will bring worries of its own. Today's trouble is enough for today."

This, coming as it does from Jesus, no doubt offers us wise counsel: Live in the moment; live for today; face only today’s troubles. But one wonders how to accomplish such a noble task when confronted, for example, by a spouse out of work, or a young husband now deceased, or a little child snatched from life? How does one continue to love and live in the moment when the stench of desperate life-events keep dragging the heart to the past?

No easy answers here. What is called for is a strategy to combat this all-to-natural inclination to despair, a despair that allows our suffering to overshadow our discipleship. From the text we learn what is needed is both a heavy allegiance to the Master and his kingdom project, and a steady faith in the providence of the GOD who is there.


ALLEGIANCE TO THE MASTER AND HIS KINGDOM PROJECT


The text reads:

"No one can serve two masters. He will either hate one and love the other, or be devoted to one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon."

and:

"...seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be given you besides."

Primarily, these words confront us with the question of a daily choice either to serve GOD or to serve ourselves. Perhaps from childhood, or maybe our teens, we initially chose to offer ourselves to the Christ and to the Jesus-way (Romans 12:1,2). We joined a church and decided to do our best. This is well and good. We are sadly mistaken, however, if we believe that a one-time acceptance of this life-calling “back then” is sufficient for the moment. No, the Gospel call to follow the Christ is actually a daily call to conversion. Daily we wake, take assessment of our lives, and then chose to take up our cross and to follow the Master...or not. (Luke 9:23) And this daily commitment to the Jesus-way is how true discipleship must be lived out, for we do not know what we will face today. We do not know what evil, what challenges, and what constrictions will come our way.

According to today's text, at least part of this daily conversion experience is the question of service and worship. Will we serve GOD or will we serve mammon (riches)?  If we are honest we know only too well the natural inner-forces driving us is the desire for wealth and things, don't we? We know only too well how difficult it is to keep a tight grip on the the ways of the Master by having to say no to the wily ways of a world where esteem and power come to those who end up with the most toys.

Think about it. Why desire wealth and riches? Is it just because we want more stuff to have more stuff? Perhaps. And certainly we are used to having and having. But I rather think we want stuff to secure us, to stave off the inevitable reality of hospital rooms and embalming fluids. We easily fool ourselves -- with the deceptive help of AdMen -- into thinking our things amassed will protect us from that certain appointment we have with death (Hebrews 9:27).  Yet, in our saner moments we know this is not true; we know our actual future.

Jesus does, too. He faced the same future, yet his empowerment by the Spirit allowed him to see through the facade of wealth's deception. In today's text he calls us to the same path. He calls us to put away childish hopes. He calls us to live in reality, to live in the truth of the moment, to live as an adult. He calls us to face our own demise by actually living what time we have for something important. He calls on us to chose a worthy life, a life serving his project: The Kingdom.

I think he wants us to know that his Kingdom work, which means serving him by serving others (Matthew 25:31-46), is literally the only path to humanity and a human life worth living. I think he wants us know that raising children to be Kingdom people or reclaiming people chewed up in the social machine of envy and greed and failure, for example, is indeed what enlivens life, and what makes it full and fulfilling.

To say this another way, and because we've been sharing from Bonhoeffer of late, we could quote him again when he reminds us that, “The church exists for others,” just as, “Jesus is a man for others.” That is, Jesus' life on earth, if it means anything, offers a sacrificial expression of GOD's continuing self-giving love for a world shattered-to-bits by hate and greed and violence. Jesus, in loving sacrifice, chose to face the shattered world and was shattered by it, leaving a powerful redemption and reconciliation for the world.

But Jesus in no longer here, we are, and as his church we exist to provide the world an existential illustration of just what the Christ really means to the world and what he really desires the world to become. You see, we now are his body; we now are his presence, and as such we must embody his love, acceptance, forgiveness and sacrifice. How will the world know GOD's love otherwise? How will the world know that GOD has chosen to become part of this mess and partner with us in changing Gehenna into a livable city, unless the discipleship community lives out the truths that one need not depend upon survival of the fittest, and one need not scrape and grasp out our last breath in greed for stuff that moths eat and rust devours? How else will the world know the truth that one need not fear the outcomes of tomorrow?


A STEADY FAITH IN THE PROVIDENCE OF THE GOD WHO IS THERE

This leads us to the second way to combat our natural inclination to despair, a despair which allows suffering to overshadow our discipleship. Here we are asked to have faith that GOD really cares about us.

The text reads:

Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life..."

and:

"If God so clothes the grass of the field, which grows today and is thrown into the oven tomorrow, will he not much more provide for you, O you of little faith? So do not worry and say, ‘What are we to eat?’ or ‘What are we to drink?’or ‘What are we to wear?’ All these things the pagans seek. Your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.

This is very difficult. We see the grief in this weary world and wonder, does GOD really care? If so, then where is he? I mean, how are we to have any inkling of the providential care of GOD seeing the world as it is? How can we not worry about future outcomes? How can we not question: “Will GOD really take care of my tomorrows -- what I will eat or drink or wear? I’ve lost my job and my house!  What now, GOD? Should I expect you to shower down money and food from the sky, or am I pretty much on my own, surviving by my own wits?”

Jurgen Moltmann has it right, I think, when he writes: “The question asked by sufferers themselves is not, ‘Why does God permit this?’ It is more immediate than that. Their question is, ‘My God, where are you?” or more generally, ‘Where is God?’”

Again, we are driven back to the community of the King, the church. And here I have in mind the "one another" verses of St. Paul, as an example. The church, this discipleship community, is told to be devoted to one another, to honor one another, to accept one another, to admonish one another, to serve one another, to encourage one another, to pray for one another, to bear one another's burden, to forgive one another, and to love one another. This one-another-ness, this koinonia life, is how GOD works his providential care for his people and for his world. It is this inner driven-ness within the community, which is sourced in the supernatural (beyond the natural empathic impulse), that causes us to sit in unison at the Christ's communion table and then provide food for the poor and starving who have no food and no table at all. This inner-connectedness within the community of faith gives the community a common nerve that cries in unison when another cries in pain, and cries in joy when another rejoices in victory.

Standing before the altar each week, just before I offer the bread and the cup to the people, I always pray: “May the LORD our GOD unite all of us to one another who become partakers of the one Bread and Cup in the communion of the Holy Spirit, Amen.” This is a prayer that we would maintain the unity of the body in the bond of peace, but it is also a statement of fact, asserting that by the Spirit of Christ we are one and the same united heart. Remember, Jesus is quoted as saying: "I ask not only on behalf of these, but also on behalf of those who will believe in me through their word, that they may all be one. As you, Father, are in me and I am in you, may they also be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me." (John 17:20-21)

GOD's providence, then, is deeply at work through this one-ness. But we only discover GOD’s providence afterward, coming through these small measures of love and the one-another care we offer as a cup of cool water in Jesus' name. GOD's providence is deeply at work in the subtle, behind the scene choices we make, choices prompted by the leanings of the Holy Spirit.

Matthew 6:24-34
A Reading from the Holy Gospel of St. Matthew

Jesus said to his disciples:
“No one can serve two masters.
He will either hate one and love the other,
or be devoted to one and despise the other.
You cannot serve God and mammon.
“Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life,
what you will eat or drink,
or about your body, what you will wear.
Is not life more than food and the body more than clothing?
Look at the birds in the sky;
they do not sow or reap, they gather nothing into barns,
yet your heavenly Father feeds them.
Are not you more important than they?
Can any of you by worrying add a single moment to your life-span?
Why are you anxious about clothes?
Learn from the way the wild flowers grow.
They do not work or spin.
But I tell you that not even Solomon in all his splendor
was clothed like one of them.
If God so clothes the grass of the field,
which grows today and is thrown into the oven tomorrow,
will he not much more provide for you, O you of little faith?
So do not worry and say, ‘What are we to eat?’
or ‘What are we to drink?’or ‘What are we to wear?’
All these things the pagans seek.
Your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.
But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness,
and all these things will be given you besides.
Do not worry about tomorrow; tomorrow will take care of itself.
Sufficient for a day is its own evil.”

Church Membership Growth and Decline

NCC Annual 2011 Yearbook is out and it's numbers are not encouraging for most denominations.


Sunday, February 13, 2011

Lectionary Notebook for Matthew 5:38-48

Thoughts on the Gospel Reading
7th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A
See TEXT below Matthew 5:38-48


 The Lectionary Gospel reading for the Seventh Week in Ordinary Time ends with the words, "So be perfect, just as your heavenly Father is perfect."

Can there be any more challenging textual call than this? We, who inhale corruption and exhale mendacity, we are to be perfect like the Almighty? Like Nicodemus of old we are stupefied in our wondering, "How can these things be?" Or as Isaiah said when he saw the LORD in his temple: “Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts.”

Yet, there it stands, brilliant and blatant -- You! Be Holy! 

Does Jesus really mean this to be part of my practice, this holiness? Yes, I think he does. What is even more compelling are the points of perfection Jesus includes in this section of the sermon, that is the practices included in the, "Be Perfect as GOD is Perfect."

"You have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you, offer no resistance..."

And --

You have heard that it was said, You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy. But I say to you, love your enemies...”

Of necessity, then, this homily will be brief for I honestly have little understanding of holiness, at least not as Jesus here describes it. Oh, I can deliver on some sort of cultural holiness, the kind all of us were taught -- "We don't smoke and we don't chew and we don't go with girls who do," but real holiness, GOD-likeness holiness, well, that's something else again.

Most of us can talk a good spiritual game, but when push comes to shove most of us probably must question do we actually live out the Gospel content or do our lives mostly fall back on old life-scripts? You know, those old habit patterns that cause us to lash out and meet our own needs at the expense of the other, seeking later to baptize these selfish practices with religious phrases  such as -- “No one is perfect” or “We live by grace, not by law”. These thoughts may be true, but are they offered as skin over a sinful heart that wishes not to change? I know how I must honestly answer this question.

But. what if the Christian actually took these words of Jesus with total seriousness? What if we actually attempted to get beyond our rage and insulted feelings, and genuinely -- under the power of the Spirit -- attempted to live out the Jesus-way of non-retaliation, going the second mile and loving those who use us and hate us?

What is at stake?

First, I must insist that this is how Jesus really lived. What we have presented here in the sermon are the in-truth practices of the Galilean. His life backed-up his words. Likewise, if he is our pattern of life -- and what is he if not our pattern, then I take this to mean that this life can somehow and in some way, be done. (I mean, why call us to follow him if it can't be done?)

Second, I must also insist that this practice of holiness is critical for the power of the Gospel, and is more than its punctuation. The kind of holiness here pictured by Jesus in the sermon -- that of sacrifice and chosen-brokenness before a shattered world -- encases the Gospel with an incredible raw power that eventually compels an honest hearing.

And, third, I must finally insist the stinging weight that these holiness practices demand is in point of fact what it means to follow the Christ. One need only add the call to forgive your enemies and you have the primary actions of the Christian Gospel that must be lived out in the world.

OK.  So, how should we proceed to holiness?

First, I would say that we cannot live out holiness alone. We need the Spirit of the risen Christ in us, and the people of the Gospel -- the faith community -- surrounding us. To begin, we would say that the Spirit of the Christ indwells the believer and empowers them to holiness, enabling them to live out the continuing life of the Christ. This may seem hocus-pocus, but it really is nothing of the kind. From Jesus himself and especially from the early church we are taught that the Spirit is sent for us by the Christ:

"But now I am going away to the one who sent me, and none of you has asked me where I am going. Instead, you are very sad. But it is actually best for you that I go away, because if I don't, the Counselor won't come. If I do go away, he will come because I will send him to you.” (John 16:5-7)

And:

And now you also have heard the truth, the Good News that God saves you. And when you believed in Christ, he identified you as his own by giving you the Holy Spirit, whom he promised long ago. (Ephesians 1:13)

The Spirit empowers our weakened flesh and our scattered will to choose and to enact the way of the Christ. It cannot be otherwise. But this does not mean we are solely acted upon. No, we still have a part in this deeply challenging way of life. Hear St. Paul’s writing, this time from Galatians:

So I say, live by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the sinful nature. For the sinful nature desires what is contrary to the Spirit, and the Spirit what is contrary to the sinful nature. They are in conflict with each other, so that you do not do what you want. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under law. The acts of the sinful nature are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; idolatry and witchcraft; hatred, discord, jealousy, fits of rage, selfish ambition, dissensions, factions and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I did before, that those who live like this will not inherit the kingdom of God. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control. Against such things there is no law. Those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the sinful nature with its passions and desires. Since we live by the Spirit, let us keep in step with the Spirit. (Galatians 5:16-25 NIV)

Notice the final phrase: Since we live by the Spirit, let us keep in step with the Spirit. This walk with the Spirit is really what is in view here, I think. As we are under the Spirit’s control we are in step with the Spirit. As we are walking out our lives, step-by-step, we are empowered by the Spirit to live out and continue life of the Christ -- Christ lives in me -- says St. Paul (Galatians 2:20b).

But this is not all, for we are also surrounded by GOD’s people, loving each another, bearing each other’s burdens, praying for each other, thus fulfilling the law of Christ. Hear again St. Paul, again from Galatians:

Dear brothers and sisters, if another Christian is overcome by some sin, you who are godly should gently and humbly help that person back onto the right path. And be careful not to fall into the same temptation yourself. Share each other's troubles and problems, and in this way obey the law of Christ. If you think you are too important to help someone in need, you are only fooling yourself. You are really a nobody. (Galatians 6:1-3)

So, we share the each other’s problems and troubles -- each other's non-holiness -- bearing their weight of flaws and sins while they bear ours. This is sometimes a brutal offering of sacrifice, especially as we see and hear and bear the other’s weaknesses and as they see and hear and bear ours. This means we are called to love and accept and forgive the other anyhow, as they love and accept and forgive us anyhow. But this is how holiness is flowers in the community, for this burden bearing is meant to make us stronger and to erode the selfishness of our hearts.

Clearly, then, apart from the empowering Spirit and the uplifting discipleship community there is no way to live out this calling to perfection. And even with this help we still, all to often, stumble and fall.

However, is failure an excuse not to try? Should we toss in the towel and live for ourselves just because the calling of Christ is struggle? No! For, we must remember that really following the Christ means we follow the way of the brokenness, the way of sacrifice, and the way of the cross. That is, the entire enterprise is struggle and pain and suffering.

This means, as a community, we must once again take the words of the Master with grave seriousness, not allowing our broken humanity and our pitch toward selfishness to present us with excuses, so that the struggle is surrendered.

Finally, there is then one additional bit of help I would offer. We must break-down this task toward holiness to comprise only the very moment we have now. It is only in this particular moment when I am empowered to be like my Heavenly Father.  It is only in this existential moment, the one that is now mine which I now live out in front of the LORD, where I can find his will and his ways and offer him the sacrifice of obedience. And, it is only in this moment-present when I can keep in step with the Spirit of power and thus obey the Spirit’s calling to follow Jesus?

If I think in terms of life-times of obedience and perfection I will fall from the sheer weight of the burden. The waves of discouragement will drag me to failure for I know that I cannot follow Christ for an hour, let alone a lifetime. But, if I know that all I am called to do is follow Jesus right now, in the decisions that must be made in this present I now have, well that is something else. Holiness, then, is no easier, but it seems more manageable.

To be sure, honesty demands that the truth be said: We will never attain the full length of holiness, not as our Father in heaven is holy, but what must be quickly added is that there can be substantial truth and Christ-likeness if we will surrender this moment to the Spirit’s power and to the Spirit-empowered discipleship community, putting GOD and the other before our own comfort and entertainment.


Matthew 5:38-48
Jesus said to his disciples:
“You have heard that it was said,
An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. 
But I say to you, offer no resistance to one who is evil.
When someone strikes you on your right cheek,
turn the other one as well.
If anyone wants to go to law with you over your tunic,
hand over your cloak as well.
Should anyone press you into service for one mile,
go for two miles. 
Give to the one who asks of you,
and do not turn your back on one who wants to borrow.

“You have heard that it was said,
 You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy. 
But I say to you, love your enemies
and pray for those who persecute you,
that you may be children of your heavenly Father,
for he makes his sun rise on the bad and the good,
and causes rain to fall on the just and the unjust.
For if you love those who love you, what recompense will you have?
Do not the tax collectors do the same?
And if you greet your brothers only,
what is unusual about that?
Do not the pagans do the same?
So be perfect, just as your heavenly Father is perfect.”

Tuesday, February 8, 2011

Imitate Christ? Let's Not Get Carried Away on EthicsDaily.com

Interesting article


Lectionary Notebook for Matthew 5:17-37

Thoughts on the Gospel Reading
6th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Year A
See TEXT below Matthew 5:17-37



The Lectionary Gospel Reading for the sixth Sunday in ordinary time opens in earnest Jesus' teaching called the Sermon On The Mount. Here we are thrown upon Jesus' understanding of the law fulfilled, or the law in practice. It is also in this section where we hear Jesus transitioning the law into the heart with his sayings, "you say the law is this, but I say the law is really that."

Notice the stark contrast of these “you say, but I say” sayings, how they are dense and heavy both for the hearts of GOD'S chosen people (Jesus’ original hearers) and for GOD’s Gospel people (us) as well:

YOU SAY:                         JESUS SAYS:
No Murder                         Not even anger
No Adultery                       Not even an adulterous thought
Divorce for Indecency       No divorce
No false oaths                   No oaths at all
An eye for an eye              No retaliation
Love your neighbor           Love your enemies

Is it any wonder that Christians for centuries have sought to explain away the necessity to bear these statements as practice? Is it any wonder that Christian believers have sought to place these commands at the feet of Jesus' original hearers or at the feet of those in a future, realized kingdom, but not we who live in the present?

Said another way, to explain away these commands of Jesus -- and I believe the word command is the correct word -- is to undercut the basic understanding of what Jesus’ mission really meant. As N.T. Wright reminds us, Jesus did not come to take us to heaven, but to reclaim for GOD this broken world on the brink of destruction. To be sure, eternal life may be an outgrowth of GOD’s love for us, but we must remember that his mission is not about us, it is about GOD.

The heart of this question, then, goes to our hermeneutical understanding. How is the Sermon to be interpreted? And, while it may be unseemly to bring this up in a homily (we would rather eat the food than learn how it's processed), I think it is important at least to expose ourselves to the background for our words here.

For example, we could unpack the issue in this way: Does Jesus interpret Paul, or does Paul interpret Jesus? I say (with Barth) that Jesus, as the highest point of GOD’s self-revelation, interprets the whole, which means Jesus interprets Paul.

Or, take another example, the law itself, especially the moral law from Sinai. If Jesus is the highest point of revelation and interprets the whole, we could argue that the law is actually something to be done, something to put into practice by the church. Take note of Jesus words from earlier in the Sermon: "Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets; I have come not to abolish but to fulfill." (Matthew 5:17)

I take this to mean that we can no longer afford to hide behind a false dichotomy between “law and grace.” We must not run from the law or explain it away. To follow the living, risen Christ means we must somehow fulfill the law of GOD, which is the point of the Sermon on the Mount.

I mean, for heaven's sake, notice how the Sermon ends: "Everyone then who hears these words of mine and acts on them will be like a wise man who built his house on rock. The rain fell, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on rock. And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not act on them will be like a foolish man who built his house on sand. The rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell—and great was its fall!"  (Matthew 7:24-27)

So we are here confronted with the deep question of just what the law is meant to be for non-Hebrews in the here and now, separated so far from the original languages and cultures? Here I want to rely upon the thoughts of the Hebrew Bible scholar, Walter Brueggemann. Brueggemann writes this: "The new commands at Sinai voiced YHWH's dream of a neighborhood, YHWH's intention for the common good. There was not common good in Egypt, because people in a scarcity system cannot entertain the common good."

He goes on to write: "This narrative from anxiety through abundance to neighborhood invites us to rethink the intention of the Ten Commandments. They are not rules for deep moralism. They are not commonsense rules designed to clobber and scold people. Rather, they are the most elemental statement of how to organize social power and social goods for the common benefit of the community. They are indeed ‘a new commandment’ that is quite in contrast to the old commands of Pharaoh."

Again, I take this to mean that to follow the Christ we must actually live the new law reality in our current communities of faith. Let this sink in for a moment. As I have often said, the Jesus-way, supremely, is something to be done. OK, great. But, what are we to specifically do? I am now saying that we must grapple with this new-law reality presented by Jesus, and I am now arguing that the Sermon on the Mount is therefore to be our practice.

This means, at least according to our present text, no murder, not even anger. No adultery, not even an adulterous thought. No divorce. No oaths at all. Not eye for an eye, and no retaliation. It means we love our neighbor and we love our enemies. In sum, we love GOD first and we love our neighbor first. This is the mission of the church; these practices embody Jesus’ mission of redemption and reconciliation of the world. And, therefore, to obey the commands found in this Sermon means we acutely understand that we have a part, even a key part, in this reclamation project.

About now we should be feeling the weight of these commands. How can the church, so captured by the culture of scarcity (Brueggemann) and by the attitude of self-preservation (Bonhoeffer), find its path to this narrow way, and be willing to give itself away by living these sacrificial commands?

I do not know; I am not sure we can get there.

But I think the answer may lie somewhere in our mounting the search together. That is, the community must launch out into the deep practices of the Sermon on the Mount as community, with its accountability and its grace-filled love. This ultimately means leading our faith-neighborhood to understand that no matter how the culture lives, we are different, we are part of a unique community (Titus 2:11-12), and it means lifting each other in grace when we miserably fail to fulfill the commands of Jesus (Galatians 6:2).


Matthew 5:17-37
Jesus said to his disciples:
“Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets.
I have come not to abolish but to fulfill.
Amen, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away,
not the smallest letter or the smallest part of a letter
will pass from the law,
until all things have taken place.
Therefore, whoever breaks one of the least of these commandments
and teaches others to do so
will be called least in the kingdom of heaven.
But whoever obeys and teaches these commandments
will be called greatest in the kingdom of heaven.
I tell you, unless your righteousness surpasses
that of the scribes and Pharisees,
you will not enter the kingdom of heaven.
 
“You have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment. 
But I say to you,
whoever is angry with brother
will be liable to judgment;
and whoever says to brother, ‘Raqa,’
will be answerable to the Sanhedrin;
and whoever says, ‘You fool,’
will be liable to fiery Gehenna.
Therefore, if you bring your gift to the altar,
and there recall that your brother
has anything against you,
leave your gift there at the altar,
go first and be reconciled with your brother,
and then come and offer your gift.
Settle with your opponent quickly while on the way to court.
Otherwise your opponent will hand you over to the judge,
and the judge will hand you over to the guard,
and you will be thrown into prison.
Amen, I say to you,
you will not be released until you have paid the last penny.
 
“You have heard that it was said, 
You shall not commit adultery. 
But I say to you,
everyone who looks at a woman with lust
has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
If your right eye causes you to sin,
tear it out and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna.
And if your right hand causes you to sin,
cut it off and throw it away.
It is better for you to lose one of your members
than to have your whole body go into Gehenna.
“It was also said,
Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of divorce. 
But I say to you,
whoever divorces his wife -‑ unless the marriage is unlawful -‑
causes her to commit adultery,
and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

Again you have heard that it was said to your ancestors,
Do not take a false oath,
but make good to the Lord all that you vow. 
But I say to you, do not swear at all;
not by heaven, for it is God’s throne;
nor by the earth, for it is his footstool;
nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.
Do not swear by your head,
for you cannot make a single hair white or black.
Let your ‘Yes’ mean ‘Yes,' and your ‘No’ mean ‘No.’
Anything more is from the evil one.”

Sunday, February 6, 2011

Touched By Lightening: A Student Recalls A Teacher's Gifts

Interesting article from a student about his teacher.

Amplify’d from www4.colgate.edu

We only change the world one person at a time. This, for those of us who have
stumbled into the maw of war and seen the worst of human barbarity, is sobering
and humbling. Cities, in modern industrial warfare, can vanish, leaving in the
ruins the small heartaches and struggles of human existence, the megawatts of
energy parents put into children, the unseen and intimate love that couples
poured into each other, the kindness of neighbors, the stilled beating of
thousands of human hearts. And in such destruction love looks as if it is no
match for the deadly indifference of nature and cruelty of humankind. To be
compassionate, to be gentle, to lead the moral life, seems, perhaps, absurd and
useless.


And yet, having watched some of the worst human carnage unleashed over the
past two decades around the globe, I can tell you there is in love more power
than we suspect. It rises above the death instinct; if not always to defeat it,
then to affirm life. In moments of death love sends out shock waves that ripple
through apartment blocks and down city streets. I saw this after a shell fell
in Sarajevo. The explosion left the maimed and dismembered in pools of blood
and entrails on the cobblestone streets. Amid the horror parents, couples,
friends sought each other frantically, throwing out concentric circles of love
that defied death even after it had done its worst.

Read more at www4.colgate.edu